✅ 1. Are the words clear and evident synonyms?
Yes.
Both mean “easily seen or understood,” although clear is more general and evident means “obvious based on evidence.”
✅ 2. What is the beginning of the Constitution called?
The Preamble.
✅ 3. What year did Amerigo Vespucci meet Christopher Columbus?
They met around 1496 in Spain, after Columbus's first voyages.
✅ 4. How does a pitcher get a save?
A pitcher earns a save by:
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Finishing the game for the winning team,
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Not being the winning pitcher,
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AND meeting one of these:
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Enters with a lead of 3 runs or fewer and pitches at least 1 inning,
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Enters with the tying run on base, at bat, or on deck,
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Pitches 3 or more innings to close the game.
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✅ 5. President Bush came to the defense of what after it was invaded by Iraq during Operation Desert Shield?
✅ 6. The peace treaty ending World War I was signed in the French castle?
The Treaty of Versailles was signed in the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles, France.
✅ 7. Germany – Battle of Dieppe?
The Battle of Dieppe (1942) was an Allied raid on German-occupied France.
Germany successfully repelled the attack, causing heavy Allied casualties.
✅ 8. How did the Battle of Normandy end?
It ended with an Allied victory, the liberation of Paris, and a German retreat toward the east.
✅ 9. What is the European Food Pyramid?
It is a nutritional guide used in Europe showing recommended daily food proportions:
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Base: whole grains
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Middle: fruits & vegetables
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Above: dairy, meat, fish
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Top: fats, sweets (to be eaten sparingly)
✅ 10. What was anti-German hysteria?
A period during World War I and II when Americans held fear or hostility toward Germans, German culture, and immigrants — leading to discrimination, renaming German foods, and banning the German language in some schools.
✅ 11. How did the plague contribute to the Protestant Reformation?
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It weakened trust in the Catholic Church because clergy died or fled.
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People questioned religious authority.
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Social/economic changes empowered new ideas.
This climate helped reformers like Martin Luther gain support.
✅ 12. Who and what was the Yellow Press, and how did it contribute to starting the war?
Yellow Press = sensational, exaggerated journalism (e.g., Hearst & Pulitzer newspapers).
Impact:
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Stirred public anger against Spain.
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Blamed Spain for the USS Maine explosion.
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Pushed the U.S. toward the Spanish–American War.
✅ 13. How many Japanese soldiers were involved in the Pearl Harbor attack?
About 350–400 Japanese aircraft crew, plus several thousand personnel on ships/submarines supporting the operation.
✅ 14. What was the law that Rosa Parks was famous for?
She was arrested for violating segregation laws requiring Black passengers to give up seats to white passengers on buses in Montgomery, Alabama.
✅ 15. Who invented the first blender?
Stephen Poplawski (1922) invented the first modern electric blender.
✅ 16. What impact of exploration did Cortés have?
Hernán Cortés:
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Conquered the Aztec Empire
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Claimed Mexico for Spain
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Expanded Spanish influence
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Brought European diseases that devastated indigenous populations
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Initiated major cultural, political, and economic changes in the region
✅ 17. Name the three states which border California.
✅ 18. What 5 accomplishments did Francisco Vásquez de Coronado have?
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Led one of the largest expeditions in the American Southwest.
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Explored present-day Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.
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Discovered the Grand Canyon for Europeans.
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Mapped large areas for future Spanish colonization.
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Connected multiple indigenous cultures to European contact.
✅ 19. How do you fix Rancilio burr grinder grind settings?
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Unplug grinder
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Remove hopper
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Clean burrs
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Turn adjustment ring:
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Finer = tighter grind (toward smaller numbers)
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Coarser = looser grind (toward larger numbers)
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Reassemble and test with beans
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Adjust in small increments while grinding
✅ 20. How did Washington feel about uniting the states under one government?
George Washington strongly supported a unified national government.
He believed it:
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Protected the nation
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Strengthened the economy
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Prevented foreign interference
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Ensured stability
He warned against division in his Farewell Address.